Heat and Thermodynamics Notes Class 11 FBISE NBF: Solved chapter on heat, temperature, equilibrium, internal energy, ideal gas, thermodynamics laws. From Hamdard Science Academy PDF include MCQ’s, Short response, Long Response , Numericals, Assignment and more.
Ideal for FBISE schools/colleges: Islamabad Model Colleges, F.G. Colleges, Army Public Schools & Colleges, Punjab Colleges, Dr. A.Q. Khan Colleges, Fazaia Inter Colleges, IMCB/IMCG, Sir Syed Colleges.
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Heat and Temperature
Heat: Thermal energy transfer due temperature difference. Temperature: Average kinetic energy measure.
Thermal Equilibrium: No net heat flow; same temperature. Zeroth Law basis.
Systems: Closed (energy exchange), open (energy+matter), isolated (none).
Internal Energy
U: Total energy (kinetic+potential). Ideal gas: Kinetic only, U= (3/2)nRT monatomic. Real gas: Kinetic+potential.
ΔU >0 gain; <0 loss. Proportional to ΔT for ideal.
Ideal Gas Equation
PV=nRT. Applications: State relations.
Exercises Solved
Solved MCQs
- Heat unit: Joule
- Internal energy ideal: Temperature only
Short Responses
8.1 Heat vs temperature: Heat energy transfer; temperature kinetic measure.
8.2 Zeroth Law: Equilibrium transitivity.
Long Responses
8.1 Systems types.
8.2 Internal energy ideal vs real.
Numericals
8.1 ΔU for gas.
Assignments
8.1 Work calculation.
Master heat and thermodynamics chapter notes FBISE with NBF physics unit 8 solved.
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